The gold-to-silver ratio (value comparison by weight)=1:10 to 1:15

Coins

1 silver “fourth”=1/4 of a silver penny (~0.3 grams of silver/coin)[loaf of maslin or rye bread]

1 silver halfpenny=1/2 of a silver penny (~0.6 grams of silver)[gallon of low-quality ale]

1 silver penny=weighs 1.46 grams (~1.287 grams of silver)

1 silver grosso (large penny)=4 silver pennies

1 silver half-grosso (double penny)=2 silver pennies

1 silver shenar=weighs 5.65 grams (~5.23 grams of silver; 0.925 fineness)=12 pennies valued

1 gold quarter-noble=1s8p

1 gold lion (double shenar)=2s

1 gold half-noble=3s4p

1 gold noble=weighs 7.79 grams; ~7.32 grams of gold)=6 shenars 8 pennies [most common gold coin]

1 gold crown=weighs 15.55 grams; ~14.90 grams of gold (95.83% fineness) [rare]

Moneys of account

1 pound of sterling silver (92.5% silver, 7.5% copper)=1 crown=10 lions=20 shenars=60 grosso=120 half-grosso=240 pennies=480 halfpennies=960 fourths

1 guinea=1 crown 1 shenar***

1 mark (unit of account)=13s4p (8 troy oz.; 248.8 grams; 2/3s of a 12-ounce pound)=160 pennies

Ore Conversions

1 16-oz. pound of gold (453.592 grams)=

~30.44 gold crowns (with copper blended)

~58.22 gold nobles      “          ”

1 pound of silver (453.592 grams)=   

~351.62 silver pennies

~755.987 silver halfpennies

~1,511.97 silver fourths

1 short pound of gold (350 grams)=   ~22.51 gold crowns

1 short pound of silver (350 grams)    ~240 pennies (~1.46 grams; the “old Imperial penny”)

* The Tiberian Empire is the larger economy, but it has struggled in recent centuries to prevent the debasement of its currency. The coins of Khartras for at least one hundred years have been the most reliable stores of value, and King Martin’s mints and regulators work hard to maintain the integrity of the coinage.

** Some kings tried a large silver mark, a coin valued at 4 shenars. Merchants generally dislike the coined mark because it was underweight and caused confusion with their unit of account (13s4p), but some kings’ treasurers liked its fractional utility and its effect of increasing the number of coins in circulation.

*** The guinea was not a coin. It was a value of account used by gentlemen to display their generosity and unconcern for money. One might pay a guinea for a crown’s worth of merchandise.